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BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- U.S. political rhetoric has recently been obsessed with the exchange rate of the renminbi. President Barack Obama has indicated on several occasions that he would take a tougher stance on this issue in order to address trade imbalances between his country and China.But does the renminbi hold the key to this issue? What are the backstage calculations behind those demands from Washington?RENMINBI A WRONG TARGETWhile addressing Democratic senators early this month, Obama said the issue of renminbi exchange rate must be addressed to ensure that American products will not be put into a huge competitive disadvantage given the fact that China is going to be one of America's biggest markets.In an interview with Businessweek on Feb. 10, Obama said he and Chinese leaders are going to have some "very serious negotiations" on the renminbi issue.Supporters of Obama include economists such as Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Those experts say China's huge trade surplus is a result of an undervalued renminbi. Appreciation of the Chinese currency, in their view, would re-balance China's international trade.However, the validity of such argument is questionable.The Japanese yen, for example, has been appreciated enormously against the U.S. dollar over the past 40 years. Yet Japan's trade surplus with the United States has been continuously on the increase over the same period.The case with the Japanese yen has clearly demonstrated that international payment is not necessarily entirely linked to currency exchange rates. International trade balance is rather determined by international division of labor and product competitiveness.Stephen King, chief economist of the HSBC bank, said it is unreasonable to simply attribute China's big trade surplus to an undervalued currency. China's high savings rate is a more important factor in this respect, he told Xinhua.Nobel Prize laureate Andrew Michael Spence shared King's argument."Reducing the surplus in China involves deep structural change, much as reducing the U.S. deficits does. China's high savings are embedded in the structure of the economy," Spence wrote in Jan. 21's Financial Times.Without structural change, an appreciation of the renminbi might well lead to continued high savings and slow economic growth in China, rather than to a reduction of China's trade surplus, he wrote.International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard believes that renminbi appreciation is not a solution for the U.S. economy.According to an IMF model, the American GDP will grow by 1 percent when the renminbi appreciates by 20 percent and other major Asian currencies also appreciate by a similar margin, he told Xinhua."This would be good news for U.S. growth. But this is clearly not enough, by itself to sustain growth in the United States," said Blanchard.World Bank chief economist and Vice President Justin Yifu Lin also said that the appreciation of the renminbi will not solve the problem of trade imbalance between China and the United States. On the contrary, such a move might damage both economies.CHINA BASHING NOT HELPFULObama has frequently attacked China over the renminbi issue in recent months. His motives are thought-provoking.In an article titled "Obama bashes China in order to win midterm elections," Japanese weekly Choice pointed out that after one year in office, the U.S. president now faces a sharp drop in approval ratings, a double-digit unemployment ratio and the loss of Democratic "supermajority" in the Senate.Trying to win the midterm elections under such circumstances, Obama had moved toward a "China-bashing" policy since the end of last year, including imposing high tariffs on Chinese products and pressuring China on renminbi exchange rate.But the truth is China has become the largest victim of U.S. trade protectionism since the outbreak of the global financial crisis.According to statistics released by the United States International Trade Commission, there were roughly 50 trade remedy cases filed by the United States between January and November 2009, half of which targeted China.At the end of last year, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua that some foreign countries kept asking China to appreciate its currency while using various protectionist measures against China. Their real motive was to contain China's growth, he said.Wen reiterated that China will never yield to external pressures on the exchange rate issue.In essence, a country's exchange rate policy is a matter of sovereignty.During a meeting with a visiting delegation of U.S. Chamber of Commerce in May 2005, Wen made it clear that the reform of renminbi's exchange rate was a sovereign right of China, and that every country had the right to choose a foreign exchange system compatible to its own national conditions and a reasonable exchange rate level.Wen said China would obey the rules of a market economy, but would never give in under foreign pressure.Any foreign pressure or attempt to manipulate the issue via news media represented a politicization of economic issues, which was unhelpful, the premier added.George Gilder, founder of Discovery Institute, said that it is neither realistic nor helpful for the United States to raise the renminbi exchange rate issue again with China.Pieter Bottelier, former chief of the World Bank's Resident Mission in China, told Xinhua that China and the United States share broad common interests.A prosperous, stable and strong China is in the interests of the United States and vice versa, said Bottelier. The two nations need to settle their differences through various dialogue mechanisms, he added.In recent years, China has been making efforts to balance international. The renminbi has been steadily appreciated against the U.S. dollar and the euro.Between July 2005, when China began its renminbi exchange rate reform, and the end of 2009, the value of the renminbi has appreciated by 21.21 percent against the U.S. dollar and up by 2.21 percent against the euro.Under such circumstances, China has been the fastest growing export market for the United States in recent years.In 2009, U.S. exports to China amounted to 77.4 billion dollars, accounting for an increasingly larger share in the country's total exports.During the same period, U.S. trade deficits with China dropped by 16 percent year-on-year.In the Asian financial crisis of late 1990s, China won worldwide applause for keeping a stable exchange rate of the renminbi.In the ongoing global financial crisis, while the world's major currencies all lost value, China has remained committed to a responsible renminbi exchange rate policy and has made significant contributions to the recovery of the global economy.Many experts familiar to China-U.S. trade pointed out that in order to achieve trade balance, the United States should take positive and concrete steps, such as increasing hi-tech exports to China and allowing Chinese firms to acquire shares in U.S. financial and technology sectors.

BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- Railway and highway stations and airports across China have seen increasing passenger flow since Thursday as millions of Chinese are returning to work or study when the week-long Spring Festival holiday draws to an end, transport authorities said Friday.The four railway stations in Beijing, one of the popular destinations for job hunters, received 150,000 passengers Thursday and the number is expected to sharply increase Friday, the last day of the seven-day Chinese Lunar New Year holiday, Beijing Railways Bureau said in a press release.Most of the passengers are tourists, migrant workers and students whose travel time was less than ten hours.Long-distance travelers are expected to arrive Friday, bringing pressure on downtown traffic, according to the bureau.People queue up to buy tickets at a railway station in Shenyang, capital of northeast China's Liaoning Province, on Feb. 18, 2010. Coach and railway terminals in major Chinese cities are bracing for a fresh travel rush, as millions of festival travelers set foot on return trips to city work after the week-long Spring Festival holidayThe authorities of Beijing Railway Station and Beijing West Railway Station arranged 18 pairs of additional trains to cope with the travel peak, it said.Public transport authority of Beijing has mobilized more buses to ensure passengers can leave railway stations as quickly as possible. People queue up to buy tickets at a railway station in Shenyang, capital of northeast China's Liaoning Province, on Feb. 18, 2010. Coach and railway terminals in major Chinese cities are bracing for a fresh travel rush, as millions of festival travelers set foot on return trips to city work after the week-long Spring Festival holidayThe ticket hall of Shijiazhuang Railway Station in the capital of Hebei Province that neighbors Beijing was crammed by anxious passengers Friday, when more than 52,000 people are expected to travel by train.Wang Aishu, waiting for getting onboard a train, was at ease holding a ticket he bought six days ago."I knew there will be a travel peak so I bought a ticket as soon as I arrived at the station on the eve of the Spring Festival," said Wang, who was heading for Dongguan City in Guangguang Province to work.The station mobilized 60 officers to help passengers and maintain order.Trains carried away 373,400 people from Hubei Province in central China Thursday, up 20.5 percent as against the same day last year. The volume is expected to rise Friday and Saturday, according to the Railways Bureau of Wuhan, the provincial capital.The railway station of Hefei, capital of Anhui Province in east China, has sent off about 30,000 passengers every day since Thursday to the major destinations of Beijing, Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong Province, and some other big cities.The station set up 50 ticket booths, including 20 additional ones, to meet the booming demand for departure.The railway station of Nanning, capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in south China, will see 34,000 passengers leaving for other regions Friday, up 17 percent as against that of Thursday.However, a passenger surnamed Huang failed to get a ticket to his workplace of Hangzhou in Zhejiang Province."Tickets are sold out, only those for training leaving after Feb. 25 are available," said Huang, carrying heavy luggage.The country's railways served about 5.44 million passengers nationwide on Thursday, an increase of 12.5 percent over the same day last year, according to the Ministry of Railways (MOR) Friday.The ministry said the number of long-distance travelers increased markedly as more people decided to make an earlier return trip to avoid the traffic boom, and the volume is expected to peak on Friday and Saturday.About 210 million passengers will travel during the 40-day rush period beginning January 30, a 9.5 percent rise compared with a year earlier, MOR had estimated.During the holiday period, 1,972.5 pairs of passenger trains were put into use every day on average, an increase of 156 pairs compared with the same period last year.The trains served with an average daily transport capacity of 5.57 million people, an increase of 430,000 people compared with the same period last year, according to the ministry.In Shandong Province, volume of coach passengers also kept increasing in the past few days.More than 90,000 people are expected to take coach Friday to leave Jinan, the provincial capital, said Zhu Mi, media officer with the city's long-distance coach station.The station is able to handle a maximum volume of 100,000 passengers a day, he said."I left home at 6 a.m. to catch the bus, but every coach has been fully loaded," said a migrant worker who planned to seek job in Guangzhou.Shenzhen, a popular workplace for migrant workers in Guangdong, has seen an increasing number of air passengers over the past several days. More than 45,000 passengers arrived in the city on Thursday and 47,000 others are coming, the airport authority said.The Lunar New Year fell on Feb. 14 this year and is an important traditional festival of family reunions.

MOSCOW, Jan. 30 (Xinhua) -- Russia and China have agreed to further tap cooperation potential so as to boost economic and trade ties despite the impact of the global economic crisis.The agreement was reached during a meeting on Thursday between Russian Minister of Regional Development Viktor Basargin and Chinese Ambassador to Russia Li Hui on bilateral economic and trade ties, especially cross-border and regional cooperation.Basargin and Li agreed that the global economic crisis had a negative impact on bilateral economic cooperation, citing a sharp decline in two-way trade.However, they believed that the foundation for bilateral cooperation remained solid. In particular, bilateral investment and economic cooperation have gained strong momentum, and cooperation in such areas as energy, nuclear technology and high-tech have been strengthened.During the meeting, they also said that cross-border and regional cooperation had become an increasingly important part of the China-Russia strategic partnership of cooperation, and played a key role in facilitating regional development and improving the two peoples' welfare.An outline of regional cooperation between Northeast China and the Russian Far East Area and Eastern Siberia, approved by leaders of both countries in 2009, served as guidelines for deepening bilateral cooperation, they said, adding that both sides would cooperate closely and earnestly implement the document in a bid to achieve new accomplishments.They also discussed some specific issues related to cross-border and regional cooperation.

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BEIJING, Feb. 13 (Xinhua) -- Profits in China's non-ferrous metal industry declined in 2009 despite rising output due to low prices, according to statistics from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT).Output of 10 kinds of non-ferrous metals, including copper, alumina, zinc and lead, increased 5.8 percent in the country from a year earlier to 26.81 million tonnes last year.However, combined profit of 70 major enterprises in the sector totaled 17.6 billion yuan (2.58 billion U.S. dollars), down 1.46 percent year on year, the MIIT said.Although the industry maintained a good development momentum in 2009, many challenges remained, including the problems of excess capacity and outdated production capacity.The MIIT would focus more on speeding up the elimination of backward production capacities in the industry this year and checking an excessive growth in expansion of non-ferrous metal smelting capacities.

TAIPEI, Feb. 15 (Xinhua) -- Taiwan leader Ma Ying-jeou said Monday that the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) with the mainland is aimed to help Taiwanese people to do business and boost the island's competitiveness.Ma made the remarks in Taoyuan, a northwestern county of the island, at a gathering to mark the Chinese Spring Festival, or Lunar New Year.The ECFA is a wide-ranging economic pact for further normalizing trade and investment ties across the Taiwan Strait, which Ma hopes to sign with the mainland this year to help fuel Taiwan's economic revival.Tariff reduction would promote the sales of goods from Taiwan to the mainland, which will benefit both the Taiwanese businesses and the foreign-funded businesses in Taiwan, Ma said.This will help Taiwan to introduce more foreign investment and grant the island an opportunity to become a hub of economy and trade in the Asia-Pacific region, he said.As the mainland is Taiwan's biggest trade partner, the pact will certainly do more good than harm, Ma said.Ma also attended an ancestor worship ceremony in Majiazhuang, Miaoli County on Monday and said that the ancestors of him and local residents moved from Fufengtang, northwest China's Shaanxi Province, to the island some 2,000 years ago.He also spoke optimistically of the economy situation and expected an economic growth of 4 percent in Taiwan this year.

BEIJING, Feb. 11 (Xinhua) -- The producer price index (PPI), a major measure of inflation at the wholesale level, rose 4.3 percent in January from a year earlier, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) announced Thursday.It quickened from 1.7 percent in December 2009 when the figure ended 12 months of decline.Analysts said the domestic price reform of major resource products and rising international commodity prices accelerated the PPI growth.In breakdown, the price of crude oil surged 70 percent, and that of raw coal was up 5.3 percent.Non-ferrous metal price rose by a quarter.

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BEIJING, Jan. 27 (Xinhua) -- China is scheduled to issue 26 billion yuan (3.82 billion U.S. dollars) of book-entry treasury bonds from Jan. 28, the Ministry of Finance (MOF) announced Wednesday.The two-year bonds, the first batch of treasury bonds this year, will be issued on the national inter-bank bond market and securities exchange market on Jan. 28 and Jan. 29, the MOF said in a statement on its website.The bonds have a fixed annual interest rate of 2.01 percent and will be available for trading from Feb. 2. Interest will be paid annually. The principal will be paid upon maturity on Jan. 28, 2012.

BEIJING, Feb.7 (Xinhua) -- China's railway network has transported 5.03 million passengers as of Feb. 6, the eighth day of the country's annual Spring Festival transport peak lasting from Jan. 30 to March 10 this year, said the Ministry of Railway (MOR) Sunday.The figure was 105,000 more than that in the same time last year, up 2.1 percent year on year, according to the MOR. Passengers enter the railway station under a shelter against the rain in Guangzhou, south China's Guangdong Province, Feb. 7, 2010. In spite of a heavy rain, the Guangzhou Railway Station was estimated to transport 230,000 passengers on Saturday, 5,000 more than the peak day of last yearBeijing railways have transported 347,418 passengers by Feb.6, and the figures in Guangzhou and Shanghai stood at 576,710 and 325,190, the MOR said.The MOR had forecasted in January that China's railways were expected to transport 210 million passengers during the Lunar New Year travel rush, up 9.5 percent year on year.  Passengers enter the railway station under a shelter against the rain in Guangzhou, south China's Guangdong Province, Feb. 7, 2010. In spite of a heavy rain, the Guangzhou Railway Station was estimated to transport 230,000 passengers on Saturday, 5,000 more than the peak day of last year.

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BEIJING, Jan. 21 (Xinhua) -- China said Thursday it would consider more assistance to quake-hit Haiti and hoped the United Nations could coordinate the post-quake reconstruction."We will continue to make every effort to participate in disaster relief and reconstruction," said Foreign Ministry spokesman Ma Zhaoxu at a regular news briefing.After a 7.3-magnitude earthquake devastated Haiti on Jan.12, China sent a 60-strong search and rescue team to Port-Au-Prince, capital of the Caribbean nation, and the Red Cross Society of China donated 1 million U.S. dollars in emergency aid.China also decided to send emergency humanitarian aid worth 30 million yuan (4.41 million U.S. dollars) to Haiti.Ma said the reconstruction would be arduous and the United Nations should give full play to its advantage by guiding and coordinating aid efforts from all sides."China supports the United Nations playing its due role in time to ensure an early launch of reconstruction," said Ma.Ma said whether China would send peace-keeping troops to Haiti would rest on UN arrangements.The UN Security Council endorsed Tuesday a proposal to send 3,500 more peacekeepers to Haiti to support "the immediate recovery, reconstruction and stability efforts."Eight Chinese peacekeeping police officers were killed in the quake. Four of them were officers of China's 125-member peacekeeping force in Haiti, and the rest were part of a team sent by the Ministry of Public Security to Haiti for peacekeeping consultations.China has sent four extra peace-keeping police officers to Haiti."We hope relevant countries could continue to enhance coordination and make joint efforts to help the Haitian people overcome difficulties and rebuild their homes at an early date," said Ma.

BEIJING, March 11 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin on Thursday urged for pushing forward mainland-Taiwan relations steadily, saying the two sides are facing a grand opportunity for the development of ties.Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, made the call when attending a panel discussion of the annual session of the National People's Congress."The relations across the Taiwan Strait saw comprehensive improvement and development over the past year, and we are now facing a grand opportunity to develop the ties," Jia told NPC deputies of the delegation representing Taiwan."It's imperative to do well the work concerning Taiwan in a concrete and effective manner and steadily push forward cross-Strait relations," Jia said."We must stick to the principle that the mainland and Taiwan both belong to one China, consolidate the political foundation for the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations and strengthen political trust between the two sides," Jia said.Jia, also Standing Committee member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, also urged the two sides to deepen their economic cooperation and establish a long-term mechanism for mutual development and benefit.Cultural and educational exchanges should be vigorously promoted to deepen the sense of national and cultural identity between compatriots across the strait, Jia said.