大学生暑假活动总结

中国近现代史纲要分类笔记

BEIJING, Feb. 14 (Xinhua) -- A cold front is expected to sweep the northern part of China over the next three days, bringing strong wind and a temperature drop, the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) said Sunday.Small to moderate snow or sleet is forecast in the northern and southwestern part of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, western Tibet Autonomous Region and the northeastern part of China.The cold front will cause a temperature drop of four to six degrees Celsius since Feb. 15 in central and eastern parts of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, north China and northeastern China.The central and the eastern part of China will see a temperature drop of three to five degrees Celsius.Areas in Hunan and Guizhou provinces would expect freezing rain over the following three days.The CMA also said the blizzard condition which had stricken eastern Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces had eased to small to moderate snow or sleet.The National Meteorological Center had cleared the blizzard warning by 6 p.m. Sunday, 24 hours after the issuance, the CMA said.

BEIJING, Feb. 23 (Xinhua) -- Access to finance for China's small enterprises generally improved in 2009, but still was not good enough, said the country's top banking regulator on Tuesday.Outstanding loans to small Chinese enterprises added to 5.8 trillion yuan (849 billion U.S. dollars) as of the end of 2009, China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) said in a statement posted on its website.The figure accounted for 22 percent of total corporate loans by the end of last year, 1 percentage point higher than a year ago, said the CBRC.The CBRC data showed that the growth rate of new loans to small enterprises in 2009 was 5.5 percentage points higher than that of the total corporate lendings and 0.61 percentage higher than all lendings.China has set a target of keeping the growth rate of new small business loans higher than that of all loans in 2010, and the amount of new loans should be bigger than the previous year, said the CBRC."Small enterprises" in China refers to those with assets worth less than 10 million yuan or annual sales less than 30 million yuan, according to a CBRC document.Last December, China promised to help improve the financing mechanisms to help small and medium enterprises (SMEs), as they were worst hit by the financial crisis and have had difficulty securing loans as commercial lenders preferred state-owned enterprises and large key projects, as the risk was not as great.SMEs refers to enterprises whose annual business revenue is below 300 million yuan. But in retail and accommodation industry, the maximum annual business revenue is 150 million yuan for an SME.

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BRUSSELS, Feb. 15 (Xinhua) -- The European Union's permanent President Herman Van Rompuy on Monday sent a message of congratulations to the Chinese people on the occasion of the Chinese Lunar New Year."Happy Chinese New Year!" Van Rompuy said. This year marks the 35th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the EU and China."We Europeans are happy that we have good relations," he said. "We are ready to develop them in a broad direction."Van Rompuy, who has been to China twice, said he admires China' s culture, history and cuisine while the speed of China's development also impressed him.As president of the European Council, Van Rompuy said he is looking forward to receiving the Chinese leaders in Brussels.The relations between China and Europe not only consist of official contacts, but two peoples also have close ties while ever more students go from European universities to those in China, and vice versa, said the president."No doubt many Europeans will visit the Shanghai Expo 2010, where the European Union is present," he said."I hope that the year of the tiger will bring all of you harmony, prosperity and family happiness," the president added.

ANKARA, Jan. 27 (Xinhua) -- China and Turkey said Wednesday the two countries look to stronger political trust and closer economic cooperation in future to benefit the people of both countries.Visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi said China highly values its relationship with Turkey and will continue to handle the relationship from a strategic and long-term perspective during his meeting with Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan in Ankara.Erdogan said the Turkish government has the same political will to cement ties with China, noting that Turkey adheres to the one- China policy and acknowledges the government of the People's Republic of China is the only legal government that represents the whole China. Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan (L) meets with visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi in Ankara, Turkey, Jan. 27, 2010The two countries should fully tap the potential of cooperation in trade, investment and infrastructure construction and jointly tackle the impact of the global financial crisis, said the prime minister.Yang expressed China's appreciation for Turkey's stance to uphold the one-China policy and respect for China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.He also extended welcome for Turkey's participation in the World Expo to be held in Shanghai this year.China and Turkey have seen frequent visits by high-level officials in recent years and witnessed their trade surge from more than 1 billion U.S. dollars in 2000 to 12.6 billion U.S. dollars in 2008.Yang arrived in Turkey on Monday for a two-day visit and attended a regional summit on Afghanistan held in Istanbul as a special representative of Chinese President Hu Jintao.  Visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi (L) shakes hands with his Turkish counterpart Ahmet Davutoglu after a press conference in Istanbul, Turkey, Jan. 27, 2010He held talks with his Turkish counterpart Ahmet Davutoglu in Istanbul on Wednesday and agreed to advance friendly and cooperative relations between the two countries.

SHANGHAI, Jan. 17 (Xinhua) -- China's economic hub Shanghai in December posted the first year-on-year growth in both imports and exports in 14 months, indicating further recovery from the economic downturn, local customs said Sunday.     Last month, Shanghai's foreign trade stood at 30.7 billion U.S. dollars, a growth of 35.3 percent over the same month of 2008. This was the second year-on-year growth of foreign trade in two consecutive months in the city, the sources said.     Exports in particular, which stood at 15.21 billion U.S. dollars, reported the first year-on-year growth of 23.5 percent since November 2008, while imports surged 49.5 percent, up from the 26.7 percent growth rate in the previous month.     Last month saw the city's trade with the European Union, the United States and Japan up 15.4 percent, 36.8 percent and 19.8 percent, respectively.     However, Shanghai's foreign trade in total last year went down 13.8 percent from 2008 to 277.73 billion U.S. dollars due to the economic crisis effect. The total included 141.91 billion dollars in exports, down 16.2 percent, and 135.82 billion dollars in imports, down 11.1 percent.

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BEIJING, Jan. 12 (Xinhua) -- China was flexing its muscles to fight corruption which was still an "persistent, complicated and arduous" task, said an expert as the internal anti-graft body of the Communist Party of China (CPC) convened its three-day plenary session.     President Hu Jintao told the meeting of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) that the Party should "fully recognize the situation of the fight against corruption," which was "persistent, complicated and arduous."     Last year, at least 15 ministerial or provincial level officials, including heads of State-owned enterprises (SOE), were investigated for corruption, nine of whom were referred for prosecution, the CCDI said.     Among them were former Supreme People's Court Vice President Huang Songyou, who was the first supreme court justice in China removed for grave violations of the law and the Party discipline.     "The graft fight and the promotion of a clean and honest work among Party cadres has a great bearing on the Party's survival," Prof. Huang Zongliang of Beijing University told Xinhua.     Huang said despite the arrests of many high-ranking officials, the graft situation did not "show any sign of relaxation," citing the 2009 corruption index of the Transparency International, a Berlin-based non-government organization.     Among the annual ranking of the world's countries and regions of 180, China ranked 72nd. Countries and regions towards the end of the list means more corrupt.     Huang said China's ranking was low and there was little progress compared with that of previous years.     ASSET REPORTING SYSTEM IN THE PIPELINE     He said to build a system of officials' asset reporting was an effective way to prevent corruption.     The communique of the last CCDI plenary session in September said officials should "report their properties and investment as well as employment of their spouse and children," and authorities should enhance management of officials who had family members living overseas.     Such requirement was in response to several cases of corrupt officials who fled the country with huge amount of public funds.     Huang said the public applauded the move to set up an officials' assets declaration system, as it signaled the Party's effort in pushing for transparency.     Currently, the program has been tested in several regions, including eastern Zhejiang and Shanghai and far western Xinjiang.     At the CCDI's plenary session Tuesday, Hu, also general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, said supervision and monitoring should be enhanced to form an effective corruption prevention system.     Vice Minister of Supervision Qu Wanxiang also pledged last week to tighten supervision on the SOEs and fight corruption among their executives.     At least 35 senior executives of China's large SOEs faced corruption charges last year, said a report by Faren Magazine, affiliated to the Legal Daily and overseen by the Ministry of Justice.     Among them was Kang Rixin, general manager of the China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC), who has been under investigation for alleged grave violations of Party discipline since August.     Another prominent case involved Chen Tonghai, former chairman of China's state-run oil refiner Sinopec, who was found to have taken almost 200 million yuan (29.4 million U.S. dollars) in bribes and given a death sentence with a two-year reprieve in July.     Latest statistics show more than 106,000 officials in China were penalized for disciplinary violations from January to November last year.     President Hu vowed that no corrupt official would be above the law and Party discipline.

BEIJING, Jan. 30 (Xinhua) -- China on Saturday decided to suspend scheduled visits between the Chinese and U.S. armed forces, in response to Washington's plan to sell a package of arms worth about 6.4 billion U.S. dollars to Taiwan. "We made the decision out of considerations on the severe harm of the U.S. arms sales to Taiwan," said Defense Ministry spokesman Huang Xueping in a statement.The U.S. government on Friday announced the plans to sell a package of arms to Taiwan, which include Patriot missiles, Black Hawk helicopters and minesweepers. China immediately expressed strong indignation about the sale after the U.S. government notified the U.S. Congress of the plans.Qian Lihua, director of the Defense Ministry's Foreign Affairs Office, on Saturday summoned the defense attache of the U.S. Embassy in Beijing to lodge a stern protest."The Chinese military expresses grave indignation and strongly condemns such a move to grossly interfere into China's internal affairs and harm China's national security interests," Qian said in a press release of the office.Taiwan issue is related to China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and concerns China's core interests."The U.S. arms sales to Taiwan gravely violates the three joint communiques between China and the United States, and seriously endangers China's national security and harms China's reunification course," Qian said.The U.S. such move also constitutes severe violation of the agreements reached by the top leaders of both sides on the China-U.S. relations in the new situation, he said.It runs counter to the principles of the joint statement issued during U.S. President Barack Obama's visit to China in November last year, said Qian.The U.S. plan will definitely bring about serious negative impact on the relations between the two countries and militaries, and will to the end severely undermine the interests of the United States itself, he noted.The United States have reiterated in many occasions that it will adhere to the one-China policy, abide by the three joint communiques and support the peaceful development of relations across the Taiwan Straits."However, the United States now takes faithless action to sell arms to Taiwan again," Qian said such plans severely poison the political foundation of the relations between the two militaries, and produce grave obstacles to military exchanges between the two sides.Qian urged the United States to respect China's core interests and concerns, take practical actions to abide by its solemn commitments on Taiwan issue, withdraw its arms sales items to Taiwan, and stop military links with Taiwan, in order not to create further damage to the relations between the two countries and the two militaries and to the peace and stability across the Taiwan Straits."We reserve the right of taking further actions," he noted.According to Huang, the spokesman, "such a move is gravely against especially the 'Aug. 17' communique signed in 1982."The U.S. side states in the Communique that "it does not seek to carry out a long-term policy of arms sales to Taiwan" and "intends to reduce gradually its sales of arms to Taiwan, leading over a period of time to a final resolution.""We will never give in or compromise in this issue," the statement quoted Huang as saying, noting that the Chinese military will firmly fight against any move to destroy China's national sovereignty security and territorial integrity.

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BEIJING, Feb. 10 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Wednesday urged the role of non-communist parties and personages in helping achieve the national goal for social and economic development in the new year."We must rely on all Chinese people, including various democratic parties, societies, ethnic groups and people from all walks of life and in different stratums to achieve this year's goal for economic and social development," said Hu at a symposium here Wednesday to mark the Spring Festival, or Chinese Lunar New Year, which falls on Feb. 14 this year.At the event, Hu extended New Year's greetings and best wishes to all people from the non-communists parties and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and those without party affiliations.Chinese President Hu Jintao (3rd R), who is also General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC), speaks during a meeting with representatives of non-communist parties ahead of the Spring Festival in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 10, 2010Hu expressed appreciation for their hard work last year as they offered valuable suggestions for coping with the financial crisis and maintaining stable and relatively fast economic growth, urging them to continue giving such suggestions.Non-communist parties' leaders at the gathering gave opinions on various issues including the transformation of the economic growth mode, expansion of private investment, development of ethnic regions, compulsory education in rural areas and economic and cultural exchanges between the mainland and Taiwan, among others.The meeting was chaired by Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

BEIJING, Jan. 29 (Xinhua) -- China's Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi clarified China's stance on Internet management and emphasized Internet is open and active in China when meeting with U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, a spokesman of China's Foreign Ministry said Friday.Spokesman Ma Zhaoxu made the remarks in response to a question on whether Yang and Clinton discussed the Google case during their meeting on the sidelines of an international conference on Afghanistan in London."Yang stressed that Internet in China is open and active," said Ma.Chinese people enjoyed adequate freedom of speech in line with the law and have access to various kinds of information, which is an important reason why Chinese people unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, Ma said."Yang said promoting the development of the Internet is our consistent policy," said Ma.Ma added that China has its own domestic situation and cultural tradition, and it accords with the world's common practice that China regulates the Internet according to its laws and policies."China advocates severely fighting against hacking through beefing up international cooperation, so as to protect Internet safety and citizens' privacy in accordance with the law," Ma said.According to the Internet Society of China, the number of cyber attacks from abroad saw a year-on-year increase of 148 percent in 2008.