铁道科学与工程学报征稿

漂亮老师和坏小子读后感

The first ever white paper on political parties pledges multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Released Thursday by the Information Office of the State Council, the white paper, entitled "China's Political Party System", explains in detail the formation, characteristics and development of the system and its role in economic and social development.Multi-party cooperation is a political system that suits China's conditions, the paper says."China will not mechanically copy other countries' political party systems," the document says, adding that the history of modern and contemporary China has proven that blind emulation of the political or party systems of other countries will not succeed.Zhuang Congsheng, director of the research office of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the CPC, said multi-party cooperation is different from the two-party or multi-party systems in Western countries and the one-party system practised in some other countries. China has established a unique political party system and its own way to fulfill democracy, he said.In China, the ruling party and other parties share the same ideal and same objectives, said Zhuang.The white paper says multi-party cooperation has created a new form of political system in the world.Under this system, the CPC and other parties work closely together and supervise each other, instead of opposing each other, with the CPC ruling the country and the other parties participating in State affairs according to law.By the end of 2006, 31,000 people who were not CPC members and those without party affiliation took up government posts at and above the county level, the paper says.Among them, 18 served as deputy chiefs in the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and ministries, commissions, offices and bureaus directly under the State Council.Minister of Health Chen Zhu and Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang - both educated in Europe - are the first non-CPC members appointed to the Cabinet since the 1970s.Apart from the CPC, there are eight parties in China: Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, China Democratic League, China National Democratic Construction Association, China Association for Promoting Democracy, Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party, China Zhi Gong Dang, Jiu San Society and Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League.Xinhua contributed to the story

China's State-owned Sinochem Corporation, one of the world's top 500 companies, had profits of more than eight billion yuan (US.1 billion) in 2007, up 95 percent over the previous year, the firm said on its web site.The Beijing-headquartered company didn't elaborate on these figures. Preliminary estimates showed that revenue topped 200 billion yuan, up 19 percent. Total assets exceeded 100 billion yuan. Sinochem, which began as a trading company in 1998, is involved in a range of businesses including agriculture, energy, chemicals, finance and real estate.Sinochem International, one of its subsidiaries, said last month that it would buy part of the business of Monsanto Company, a US-based agricultural company.Under the terms of the agreement, Sinochem will purchase the assets related to Monsanto's pesticide business and certain other assets in China's Taiwan Province and countries including the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.

The first national-level association of Taiwan-funded enterprises held its inaugural ceremony in Beijing yesterday - a move which experts say will help boost cross-Straits economic integration and peace. "Taiwan business people are all over the mainland now," said Chang Han-wen, the newly-elected chairman of the Association of Taiwanese-invested Enterprises on the Mainland. According to conservative estimates, there are at least 1 million Taiwan business people on the mainland. The national-level association, comprising heads of Taiwan enterprise associations and representatives of Taiwan enterprises on the mainland, aims to serve the island's enterprises, protect their legal rights, boost relations with the ministries in Beijing and strengthen communication with mainland firms. Chen Yunlin, head of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, said the island has chalked up a huge trade surplus with the mainland and its trade with the mainland has become an indispensable driving force of Taiwan's economy. "The mainland market provides huge potential for the expansion and industrial upgrading of Taiwan enterprises," he said. Xu Shiquan, vice-chairman of the National Society of Taiwan Studies, said that the establishment of the association coincides with the mushrooming of Taiwan-funded enterprises on the mainland. "Besides their number and scale, more and more Taiwan enterprises are keen to upgrade their industrial structure into the hi-tech sector," he said. "Though they usually forge local associations, faster expansion and a larger scale require a higher level of coordination," he said. Feng Bangyan, director of the Institute of Taiwan Economy at Jinan University in Guangzhou, said the association, which brings together many business heavyweights, would definitely pressure Taiwan authorities to grant more freedom for economic growth. "The secessionists forces on the island can't hinder the ever-increasing economic bonds linking the two sides across the Straits," he said.

城口胆囊息肉医保后费用

SINGAPORE: China and the United States plan to set up a defense hotline aimed at improving military relations, a top Chinese general said over the weekend. Zhang Qinsheng, deputy chief of the general staff of the People's Liberation Army, made the remarks at the plenary session of a three-day security summit known as the Shangri-La Dialogue. He said the issue of the hotline between the Chinese military and the US Defense Department would be settled when he visits the United States in September for the ninth Sino-US defense talks. Zhang also told the summit that China's defense budget is authentic. As the Chinese military gradually modernizes, some have raised questions over "military transparency", and voiced suspicions on China's defense budget. So it is necessary to clarify the matter, Zhang said. "In China, defense budgeting must follow a set of strict legal procedures, and the published budget is true and authentic," he said. He added that the increased proportion of the defense budget is mostly used to make up for inflation, improve the welfare of military personnel and logistics support. "Given the multiple security threats, the geo-political environment, the size of the territory, and per-capita expense, the Chinese defense expenditure is small by any yardstick," he added. He stressed that "China is gradually making progress in military transparency following the principles of trust, responsibility, security and equality". The annual Shangri-La Dialogue, named after the Singapore hotel at which the event has been held since its launch in 2002, and organized by the London-based International Institute for Strategic Studies, opened on Friday. It gathered defense ministers and top officials from 26 countries and regions in the Asia-Pacific region and Europe to address major regional security issues and defense cooperation. Also at the meeting, the US and China turned down the heat on a dispute over Beijing's military build-up, with US Defence Secretary Robert Gates expressing optimism about future relations. Gates downplayed past US rhetoric on China's military might. "As we gain experience in dealing with each other, relationships can be forged that will build trust over time," Gates said. China Daily - Agencies

BEIJING - China's National People's Congress (NPC),the top legislature, published on Friday a list of all its new deputies.The Standing Committee of the 10th NPC confirmed the qualifications of all deputies to the 11th NPC at its last session on Thursday, making way for the upcoming election of a new Chinese leadership.Among all the 2,987 deputies were Chinese President Hu Jintao, and the other eight members of the current Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, including Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Jia Qinglin, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang.They were elected respectively from provincial-level areas of Jiangsu, Anhui, Gansu, Beijing, Sichuan, Shanghai, Liaoning, Hunan and Heilongjiang.All the deputies will attend the upcoming First Session of the 11th NPC, which is set to open on March 5.The deputies were elected from 35 electoral units across China, including all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, and the People's Liberation Army (PLA).

Foreign investors are eyeing more opportunities as China's demand for oil refining and petrochemicals increases. According to a think-tank affiliated to China National Petroleum Corp (CNPC), China's oil demand will hit 455 million tons while the country's total refining capacity will surpass 400 million tons by the end of the 11th Five-Year Plan period, set from 2006 to 2010. "From this year to 2010, the average annual oil demand of China will grow at 6.5 percent per year. One forecast shows demand reaching 455 million tons in 2010," Gong Jinshuang, a veteran researcher at the Economic and Technology Research Institute of CNPC, China's largest oil and gas producer, said on Friday. According to a national industrial deployment plan, there will be many refineries and ethylene crackers on stream by 2010 and China will witness 18 million tons of ethylene produced by 2010. The country's refineries will run at 90 to 95 percent capacity by 2010, Gong said. Ethylene output of China was 9.41 million tons last year, up 24.5 percent year-on-year. To seize opportunities arising from the downstream sector of the oil industry, not only State-owned giants, but also foreign investors are gearing for more investment. Mustafa Al-Sahan, general manager in charge of China investment at Sabic Asia Pacific Pte Ltd, told China Daily that his firm plans to invest billion to set up an integrated refining and petrochemical project in Dalian, Northeast China. The industrial complex is expected to include a 10-million-ton refinery, a one-million-ton ethylene cracker and an 800,000-ton aromatics plant, according to the blueprint. Al-Sahan said the project will be a joint venture formed by several parties, holding equal stakes. So far, there are already two parties involved, Sabic and a private Chinese company. Sabic is looking for another State-owed energy giant to join, Al-Sahan added. The project is still subject to approval by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), China's top economic planner. Sabic has invested in a petrochemicals plant in Tianjin, in partnership with Sinopec, Asia's top refiner. The Tianjian project has been given the green light by the NDRC and is expected to be on stream by the fourth quarter of next year, the Sabic chief for the investment in China said. CNPC and Sinopec are either planning or expanding their refining and petrochemical projects, such as in Sichuan, Fujian provinces and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, to better meet the country's future fuel and industrial demand. China now is the world's fastest growing major oil market Al-Sahan said the downstream segment of the Chinese oil industry has good potential because of the robust future demand. He said Sabic will not produce gasoline, which is oversupplied in the market, but oil and petrochemicals that are in big demand.

重庆超声波碎石

A leading Chinese trade union for journalists is considering action against a bogus "official" website for the organization. The website -- www.acja.cn -- runs genuine news industry information and links, as well as the emblem of the All-China Journalists Association (ACJA), the ACJA announced in Beijing Wednesday. "The fake website claims it is the website of the ACJA and uses the emblem of ACJA on their website," Gu Yonghua, ACJA party secretary said. "Under the name of ACJA, it even runs recruitment advertisements, carries advertisements and operates other business," Gu said. The fake website uses the abbreviation of the ACJA''''s English name as its domain name, while the genuine official website of the ACJA -- www.zgjx.cn -- uses the abbreviation of the Pinyin, phonetic Chinese name. "The fake website has several unhealthy links that impair the reputation of ACJA," claimed Gu. "The website has infringed on the rights of the ACJA," Gu said, warning Internet users to avoid the bogus site. The ACJA, formerly the China Youth Journalists Association, was founded in Shanghai on Nov. 8, 1937. The association, as a national association for Chinese journalists, has 223 local association members representing750,000 Chinese journalists. The genuine website for the ACJA was just opened in February. The fake website carries the claim that it opened 10 years ago and is planning to go public. It is linked to several media websites, including The People''s Daily and the Washington Post. Search engines like Google and Baidu are also on its webpage. However, the server and operators of the website are still unknown, sources with ACJA said. The ACJA was contacting the Ministry of Information Industry and other government agencies to identify the operators and servers and would take legal action against the website if necessary, said ACJA sources.

BEIJING - China expressed grave concern over Kosovo's unilateral declaration of independence, said Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao on Monday."Kosovo's unilateral act can produce a series of results that will lead to seriously negative influence on peace and stability in the Balkan region and on the realization of building a multi-ethnic society in Kosovo, which China is deeply concerned about," said Liu.He said the settlement of the Kosovo issue concerns the peace and stability in the Balkan region, the basic norms governing international relations and the authority and role of the United Nations Security Council. He added that China has always held that the best way to resolve the Kosovo issue is that Serbia and Kosovo reach a plan acceptable for both sides through negotiation."China calls on the two sides of Serbia and Kosovo to continue to seek a proper solution through negotiation within the framework of international law, and the international community should create favorable conditions for this," said Liu.Kosovo's parliament voted Sunday to adopt a declaration of independence at an extraordinary session on its independence from Serbia.Kosovo now is "an independent, sovereign and democratic state," Parliament Speaker Jakup Krasniqi announced after lawmakers voted 109-0 through a show of hands to approve the declaration.But Serbian President Boris Tadic said that Serbia will never recognize the independence of Kosovo.He urged international organizations "to immediately annul this act, which violates the basic principles of international law."Kosovo was a southern autonomous province within Serbia before the breakup of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Among its population of 2 million, over 90 percent are ethnic Albanians and Serbs make up about 7 percent.Kosovo has been under UN administration since mid-1999, after NATO air-strikes drove out Serbian forces from the province.

城口治疗膀胱结石

BEIJING, March 26 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao met with Malawian President Bingu wa Mutharika here on Wednesday, and called for setting up formal mechanism to guide and coordinate bilateral trade cooperation.     Wen told Mutharika that to enhance China-Malawi friendly cooperative ties was in the fundamental interests of both sides, adding China was ready to expand substantial cooperation with Malawi.     The premier called on both countries to confer on setting up a guidance and coordination mechanism for trade cooperation. China would encourage its enterprises to increase imports from Malawi in a bid to stimulate bilateral trade and promote its balanced development. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) meets with Malawian President Bingu wa Mutharika in Beijing, capital of China, March 26, 2008. Mutharika started a weeklong state visit to China on March 24    Mutharika said the establishment of diplomatic ties had unveiled a new chapter for bilateral relations. Malawi would stick to the one-China policy and support China's reunification.     Mutharika said his country would maintain high-level exchanges with China, step up mutually beneficial cooperation in trade, technology, culture, medical treatment and social development, and Malawi would participate in the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.     Wen said China welcomed Malawi to join the China-Africa Cooperation Forum, and was ready to join with Malawi to inject new vigor to China-Africa friendly cooperation.     Mutharika echoed that Malawi was willing to contribute to cementing Africa-China cooperation.     Mutharika arrived on Monday afternoon for a weeklong state visit to China as Hu's guest.     He will also visit Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province, and the cities of Shenzhen and Shanghai

At the end of a dusty narrow path cutting through a stretch of cornfields on the outskirts of Qingyang, an obscure town in Henan Province, looms a 3-hectare ground dotted with green tents, armored cars and bulldozers. Over the past three months, 315 Chinese engineering troops have gone through the rigors of tough day-night training here. And in a month from now, they will travel more than 8,000 km to Darfur in Sudan to be part of a special UN peacekeeping mission.Commander of UN Mission in Sudan Lieutenant General Jasbir Singh Lidder (L) hands over Unit Citations to Chinese peacekeepers for their excellent performance at the base of the Chinese peacekeeping troops on September 12, 2007. [Xinhua]The first international group of peacekeepers to be deployed in Darfur will build barracks, roads and bridges, and dig wells, which form the key to the accession of more UN peacekeepers to the region. The drills the engineering troops, with the UN's blue berets, perform in front a group of reporters from home and abroad show what they are capable of. In about 10 minutes, bulldozers and road-rollers smoothen a potholed path and soldiers use bare hands to move a 40-meter stretch of steel bridge into place over a ditch. In less than that time, another squad builds a cabin with prefabricated aluminum walls and a "UN" symbol on its side. On show, too, are impressive wrestling and battlefield aid performances."The engineering unit is manned by sturdy, versatile soldiers, mainly from the Jinan Military Area," says Lieutenant Colonel Dai Shaoan, deputy director of the Ministry of National Defense's peacekeeping affairs office. "They have wide experience in building roads and bridges and are fully competent for the mission."The Chinese troops are part of the "Annan Plan", a three-phased approach proposed by former UN secretary-general Kofi Annan to end the Darfur crisis. The plan calls for deploying a joint UN-African Union (AU) peacekeeping force in the 500,000-square-km arid Darfur region, plagued by conflicts over limited resources. Their deployment has been made possible after a hard-won diplomatic tug-of-war.Dai says the UN invited China in April to dispatch a multi-functional engineering unit to Dafur. Four months later, the world body requested that the unit be dispatched in early October."We are doing the preparatory jobs in line with the prescribed timetable to guarantee smooth implementation of the peacekeeping operation," says engineering unit head Shangguan Linhong.The force comprises three engineering platoons, a platoon each of well-diggers and 40 guards, a small hospital unit, 145 vehicles including excavators, bulldozers, road-rollers, power generators and armored personnel carriers, Shangguan says. All the vehicles are "brand new" from domestic companies and have undergone strict tests in line with UN standards.Since its formation in mid-June, the engineering unit has attended intensive courses, from emergency aid to simulating heat in Darfur and from studying UN regulations to getting to know Sudanese culture. "Everyone in our unit can communicate in English to a certain extent," Shangguan says.The UN raised the alarm on Darfur in 2003, and began looking for a lasting resolution to the ethnic conflict. The Darfur Peace Agreement (DPA) was signed in May 2006, thanks to intensive diplomatic and political efforts of the UN, AU and other partners. It took more than one year after that to persuade the Sudanese authorities to accept the UN-AU "hybrid" peacekeeping force.President Hu Jintao met with his Sudanese counterpart Omar al-Bashir in Beijing last November and in Khartoum in February, and asked him to be flexible in his stance over Darfur and ensure that humanitarian aid was distributed properly among the refugees. In March, when Sudan and the UN differed over the implementation of the Annan Plan, China sent a special envoy several times to Khartoum to persuade the government to accept the UN resolution."I think the Sudanese government heeded China's advice," China's special representative for Darfur Liu Guijin said at a press conference in early July. Sudan agreed in June to have the "hybrid" force in Darfur after intense diplomatic efforts of the UN and the international community. Besides, China offered million in humanitarian aid to Sudan, with the last installment leaving Tianjin last month.The latest situation in Darfur is a mixture of good and bad. The UN says the mortality rate in the region is now below the emergency level because of the massive humanitarian efforts of the last four years. Also, malnutrition has been halved from mid-2004, when the crisis reached its peak.But in June, the UN Environment Programme reported an "unprecedented" long-term climate change in northern Darfur, saying its impacts are closely linked to the conflict.This is a real challenge for the Chinese engineering troops, but they are not unnecessarily perturbed. In fact, they are ready to overcome all obstacles on the road to peace."The challenges ahead of our peacekeeping troops are obvious," says Dai. Poor living conditions, lack of proper infrastructure and complex security situations are the obvious challenges. "But our army has a glorious tradition of being hard-working, particularly combat-worthy and of playing a contributory role."Major Ma, an officer with the engineering troops, says Chinese soldiers see the UN peacekeeping operation as a glorious opportunity. "Implementing a mission so far from the country and being part of the efforts to maintain peace in the world is a unique experience."All the soldiers in the battalion which Ma used to serve in the Jinan Military Area had applied to be part of the engineering unit for Darfur, and they included 18-year-old recruits, he says, and they had the full support of their families.But is Ma worried about the dangers in Darfur? The major says: "What we think of most is how to do a nice job. Danger and difficulties are normal for servicemen."China's peacekeepers till nowSince dispatching five military observers to the UN Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) in 1990, China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) has sent 8,095 military personnel to 17 UN peacekeeping missions. Altogether, 1,648 Chinese officers and soldiers are serving in 10 UN missions and the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations today.Lieutenant Colonel Dai Shaoan, deputy director of the Ministry of National Defense's peacekeeping affairs office, says China will participate only in those peacekeeping missions that are in line with the UN Charter, which means those operations overseen by the UN Security Council.China has contributed peacekeepers in the shape of engineers and medical and transport units. It has not sent any combat troops for peacekeeping operations.But Dai says China has a "positive" attitude towards sending combat troops for future UN peacekeeping operations.