精英政治与政治参与

赴广西湖南江西考察报告

URUMQI, July 12 (Xinhua) -- The violence-torn Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is plodding on the road to recovery amid vigilance one week after the violence in its capital city of Urumqi that left 184 people dead and 1,680 injured.     Police with riot gears were inspecting checkpoints, combing coaches for runaway suspects involved in the deadly violence.     Zhou Yongkang, member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, said in his tour to the autonomous region on Sunday that to maintain social stability is the top concern of the livelihood of the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang for the time being.     The regional government chairman Nur Berkri said in a televised speech Sunday afternoon that the number of people injured in violence on July 5 had risen to 1,680.     Altogether 216 of the 939 hospitalized are seriously injured and 74 injured fatally, he said.     An oil tank explosion occurred at a chemical plant in Urumqi Sunday morning. Police ruled out the possibility of intentional sabotage after on-the-spot investigation but said the reason of the explosion needs further investigation.     At the suburb of Aksu City, people who flocked into the Uygur bazaar, Toksun, as the local residents called it, said they had felt something different.     "There are much fewer people compared with what it was before the violence," said Tunxunjiang Tuohuniyazi, a local Uygur who were visiting the bazaar with his wife.     "On my way here, I saw a lot of policemen," he said. "But I understand it. The heavy security helps ensure our safety."     The bazaar, which boasts 3,000 stands, only saw a little more than 500 of them in business on Sunday.     Tuniyazi Yiming, a vender busy baking dumplings, said his turnover halved with number of the bazaar visitors on such a sharp decline.     The same bleak business picture could be seen in the border city of Kashgar in southern Xinjiang, where markets and bazaars reported only a few visitors.     Also hurt is the the region's tourism. Sources with the Urumqi Municipal government told Xinhua that because of the riot, 1,184 tour groups had cancelled their plans to visit the city as of Sunday.     They involved 74,218 travelers, including 10,731 tourists from overseas.     Railway authorities said Sunday that situation in the Urumqi's train terminal is normal.     The passenger volume was reported at 21,000 persons at the station on Sunday, 4,000 fewer than Saturday.     "There are no so-called 'waves of refugees' and ticket scalpers reported by some overseas journalists in the train terminal," said Chen Kai, vice chief of the South Train Station of Urumqi.     In Urumqi, thousands of youngsters have expressed their willingness to serve the city by signing up to be volunteers.     "Two days after the hotline was launched, we have received more than 1,600 calls," said Yu Yinglong, head of the Volunteer Association in Urumqi. "They volunteered to serve in hospitals and to give psychological help to those who were traumatized in the violence."     "The Koran teaches us that Muslims should be united. It teaches us to live in harmony with non-Muslims as well. Muslims and Non-Muslims should help and get along with each other on equal footing," said Xiahabuding Aihaiti, a teacher with the Xinjiang Academy of Islamic Scriptural.     (Writings by Xinhua writer Gui Tao, reportings by Xinhua staff Li Jianmin, Fu Yuncheng, Liu Hongpeng, Mao Yong, He Jun, Gu Qianjiang, Yuanye and Huang Yan in Xinjiang)  

BAGHDAD, July 16 (Xinhua) -- As an Iraqi Muslim who has visited China, I was so shocked and sad when I read reports of the July 5 violence in China's Xinjiang province, especially when I learned from the Western media of clashes between the Han Chinese and Uygurs, and government troops cracking down on the Uygurs.     I could not believe it, not from my experience in China.     So I immediately contacted my friends in China, from whom I learned that the reports by the Western media were purposely biased and to a certain extent, politically motivated -- just as their versions of the U.S. occupation in Iraq.     I have been to China twice -- first for a visit of two weeks, and then for a year's stay, from August 2006 to August 2007. During my visits, I was impressed by the way China's 56 ethnic groups, with Hans in the majority, live peacefully together and religious freedom respected.     When I was in Beijing, I prayed every Friday at a mosque at Niujie, a Muslim-dominated district in the Chinese capital.     As an Iraqi, whose country at the time was suffering from daily explosions, shootings and kidnappings, I remember I was often touched by the good wishes extended to me by complete strangers, among them Han people who visited the mosque, which has a history of more than 1,000 years.     During my time living and working among the majority Han Chinese in Beijing, I found no difficulty performing my Islamic rituals, neither did I notice any untoward incidents against Muslims in China, including the Uygurs.     I met many Chinese Muslims, who were really proud of being Chinese citizens.     I remember a small Chinese restaurant in Niujie, owned by a Uygur Chinese, which I frequented for its Islamic food and music.     I noticed TV programs in the restaurant were in the Uygur language, and when I inquired about it, one young man, who said he was studying at an Islamic institute, answered in Arabic "we have television stations in Xinjiang that use our language, which is backed by the central government."     Today, I still remember the Chinese pilgrims I met who went to Mecca for the Hajj (pilgrimage), in Saudi Arabia. They often wore jackets with a Chinese flag stitched on, and under the flag were words in Arabic -- "Chinese Hajj" or Chinese pilgrim, and I could feel their sense of being proud Chinese Muslims.     Once I tried to joke with one of the pilgrims and asked through a translator, "can you give me this jacket, so that I can show it to my folks in Iraq that this is a gift from my Chinese friend?"     He smiled and said: "I can buy you a new one, but I will have to keep this one, as I have worn it for years and I am proud to have this flag on my chest."     Islam is the second biggest religion in China, next to Buddhism. As far as I know, there are some 30,000 mosques in China, including 70 in Beijing.     Outside the capital, religious freedom is well respected as well. When I went to Henan province for a vacation, I witnessed Islamic lectures being held frequently at major mosques, and Muslims living peacefully and happily.     Muslims and other minorities in China enjoy exceptional privileges. My Chinese Muslim friends told me that, like other minority groups, they are not bound by the one-child-policy.     Muslims and other minorities are also accepted at lower qualifications to colleges and universities; and minorities like the Uygur and Hui are well represented in governments at all levels.     So when people say that the July 5 violence occurred because the Uygurs felt discriminated by the majority Hans, I really cannot believe it. I have personally witnessed how well Muslims and Han Chinese get along.     One day while sitting in the yard of the Niujie mosque, I met a young man who I later learned was an Egyptian. Named Ahmed, he had come to Beijing to marry a Han Chinese girl who he met in Cairo while she was studying there.     But according to religious ritual, a non-Muslim girl or man cannot marry a Muslim unless he or she converts to Islam.     A week later, when I met Ahmed again he told me that his dream had come true, the girl had decided to convert to Islam.     She had met no objections from her family. Within a week she was issued a certificate by the mosque confirming that she was now a Muslim.     I also have a female friend in Beijing, a Han Chinese, who is married to a Hui Muslim. They have a happy family.     Today, when I see pictures of the bloody clashes in Xinjiang, it reminds me of what is happening here in Baghdad.     I feel outraged as I witness the media repeating what they did in Iraq -- inciting internal conflict to serve certain agendas.     My country has been suffering from foreign interference and domestic violence for more than six years. With the war, and the sectarian conflicts, our once prosperous country is now in ruins.     The sectarian strife has been largely fanned by foreign powers to alienate Iraq's Sunnis, Shiites and Kurds, and the United States once even had a "separation-of-Iraq-into-three" scheme high on its agenda.     What have ordinary Iraqis received -- be they Sunnis, Shiites, or Kurds? Nothing. Nothing but devastation, displacement and the loss of lives of innocent people. My son, Omar, was injured by a roadside bomb in October 2007. He was only 12 years old at the time.     I call on the people to cool down and consider the whole picture: see what has happened in Iraq. Do not let yourself be fooled by those who try to undermine the security and stability of China by trying to destroy the peaceful co-existence of its ethnic groups. 

SHANGHAI, June 28 (Xinhua) -- Top Chinese political advisor Jia Qinglin on Sunday mourned the death of Dong Yinchu, honorary chairman of the China Zhi Gong Party central committee, who died of illness on Tuesday at the age of 95.     Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), attended Dong's funeral in Shanghai with Yu Zhengsheng, Communist Party chief of the city, and expressed condolences to Dong's family. Jia Qinglin (1st R), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), shakes hands with a relative of Dong Yinchu during Dong's funeral in Shanghai, east China, June 28, 2009    Dong was a well-known leader of patriotic overseas Chinese and served as chairman of the ninth and tenth central committees of the Zhi Gong Party, a non-communist party in China.     "The close friend of the Communist Party of China" was also a vice chairman of the eighth National Committee of the CPPCC.     President Hu Jintao, former president Jiang Zemin, and other leaders including Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping,Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang also sent condolences to Dong's family.

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ROME, July 2 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao's forthcoming visit to Italy ahead of the G8 summit paves the way for stronger bilateral ties, an Italian expert told Xinhua in an interview.     Luca La Bella, a China analyst with Rome's International Studies Center, said that in the past decades, political, economic and cultural relations between Italy and China have improved. "Chinese President Hu Jintao's visit to Italy will reinforce this strategic collaboration," he said.     Hu will attend a meeting between the leaders of the Group of Eight (G8) and emerging economies from July 8 to 10 in L'Aquila.     Before the G8 summit, he will pay a state visit to Italy from July 5 to 8 at the invitation of Italian President Giorgio Napolitano. After the G8 meeting, the Chinese leader will visit Portugal from July 10 to 11.     China-Italy ties have maintained a sound momentum of rapid development, especially since 2004, when the two countries forged the first all-round strategic partnership to boost political and economic cooperation, La Bella said.     "The Italian Culture Year in China of 2006 was very successful," La Bella said. "Institutional exchange and business ties have increased. Reciprocal awareness of each other's culture and history is now greater."     The Italian firms in China enjoy Chinese government's support, the expert said, "Trade exchanges have increased. Italy imports from China technological goods, and exports Italian fashions and brands to China."     The two presidents will surely discuss in their meeting the upcoming Chinese Year of Culture in Italy, scheduled for 2010. It will be China's turn this time to be culturally, economically and politically present in Italy, La Bella said.     Numerous events are planned for the Chinese Year in Italy, which marks celebrations of the 40th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two countries.     It will be an opportunity for high level political, economic and cultural exchanges between Chinese and Italian leaders and industry representatives.     According to La Bella, fostering bilateral ties with China is of crucial importance to Italy.     China and Italy are well-tuned politically as well, he added. "Italy pursues the one-China policy and is a front runner in lifting the arms embargo against China," he said.

BEIJING, June 2 (Xinhua) -- The China Investment Corporation (CIC), the country's sovereign wealth fund, announced Tuesday that it decided to buy 1.2 billion U.S. dollar common stocks in Morgan Stanley's 2.2-billion-U.S.-dollar common stock offering.     Morgan Stanley announced Tuesday it had priced a public offering of common equity of 2.2 billion U.S. dollars. The proceeds are intended to fully redeem the preferred capital of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) before the end of June.     The TARP is a program of the United States government to purchase assets and equity from financial institutions in order to strengthen its financial sector. It is the largest component of the U.S. government's measures in 2008 to address the subprime mortgage crisis.     Morgan Stanley notified the CIC of the offering in light of its healthy business relationship with CIC and the preemptive rights CIC holds. CIC plans to participate in this offering, according toa notice on its Web site.     CIC was optimistic in Morgan Stanley's future development as "Morgan Stanley is widely expected to be able to leverage on its strengthened financial position and will be on the road of resuming its successful trajectory amid the dramatic restructuring of the international financial services industry".     On December 19, 2007, CIC purchased 5.6 billion U.S. dollars mandatory convertible securities into Morgan Stanley common stock, representing approximately 9.86 percent equity ownership in Morgan Stanley.     However, after Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc.'s investment in Morgan Stanley in October 2008, CIC's equity ownership was diluted to approximately 7.68 percent.     This new purchase would bring CIC's equity ownership in Morgan Stanley back to approximately 9.86 percent, effectively reducing CIC's overall cost basis and increasing the returns potential, said CIC.     According to a statement posted on Morgan Stanley Web site Tuesday, it has priced a public offering of approximately 80.2 million shares of common stock to the public at 27.44 dollars per share.     CIC has agreed to purchase 44.7 million shares of common stock at the public offering price while the Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc. has agreed to buy 16 million shares, the Morgan Stanley statement said.

BEIJING, May 24 (Xinhua) -- Natural disasters killed 88,928 people in China last year, according to a report released by the Ministry of Civil Affairs.     The number is the highest since 1976, when the 7.8-magnitude earthquake hit Tangshan City in north China's Hebei Province and killed more than 242,000 people, according to the report on the statistics of the country's civil affairs in 2008.     In addition, a total of 480 million people were affected by natural disasters, with direct financial losses of 1.175 trillion yuan (about 173 billion U.S. dollars).     In 2008, major natural disasters were frequent in China, with the unexpected strike of snows in the south and the devastating May 12 earthquake in Sichuan Province, the ministry said in the report.     The 8.0-magnitude earthquake left more than 87,000 people dead or missing and more than 374,640 injured in Sichuan and neighboring provinces.     Before that, the blizzards that struck much of central and southern China in early 2008 left 129 people dead and losses reached 151.65 billion yuan, according to the Ministry of Civil Affairs.

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ASHGABAT, June 23 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang said here late Tuesday that China and Turkmenistan have enjoyed healthy and steady development in bilateral relations since the two countries established diplomatic ties in 1992.     Li made the remarks in a written speech at the Ashgabat airport after arriving in the Central Asian country for a three-day official visit. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L) is greeted by Turkmenistan's Deputy Prime Minister Tachberdy Tagiyev upon his arrival at the airport of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, June 23, 2009.The friendship and cooperation between China and Turkmenistan had witnessed healthy and steady development in the past 17 years, adding that bilateral cooperation in different areas had been increasingly enhanced and yielded meaningful results, he said.     Li noted that China and Turkmenistan have supported each other on critical issues, worked closely in multi-lateral areas and made positive contributions to regional peace, stability and common development. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (R) is greeted upon his arrival at the airport of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, June 23, 2009. Turkmenistan is the first leg of Li's three-nation tour that will also take him to Finland and Uzbekistan.     During his stay in Turkmenistan, Li will hold talks with Turkmenistan's President Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov, which will focus on bilateral relations and cooperation in economy, energy and other areas between the two countries. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L) is greeted by Turkmenistan's Deputy Prime Minister Tachberdy Tagiyev (R) upon his arrival at the airport of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, June 23, 2009.

XI'AN, June 7 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao has urged the country's college students to find grassroots jobs in less developed regions as the economic downturn increases pressures in employment market.     Visiting Xi'an, capital of central Shaanxi Province, from Friday to Sunday, Wen said employment was one of the government's priorities for the sake of the country's economy and for the future of individuals.     "College students, laid-off workers and migrant workers waiting for jobs are my biggest concern," Wen told job hunters at an employment center.     He encouraged graduates from universities and colleges to find work in grassroots regions, and called on employers to create more jobs.     Since the second half of last year, the government has implemented a series of policies to create jobs. The State Council, or Cabinet, also decided to give living allowances to graduates who went to the central and western regions for internships.     Everyone should have a resolute belief that they should try their best no matter what their job was, Wen told students at Xi'an Jiaotong University. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (Central Left, front), who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, talks with farmers in Fengdian Village, Doumen Town of Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, June 6, 2009. Wen paid a visit to Xi'an from June 5 to 7During a visit to a village in the city's outskirts, he said the government would promise the country's farmers higher incomes by raising the average procurement price of wheat by 0.1 yuan per 500g.     When the market price went up, sell the products to the market, when it went down, sell them to the government, Wen told farmers.     Wen also went to a main production base of BYD Company Ltd., a Hong Kong-listed indigenous auto maker specializing in electric-powered technologies.     Wen got into a new hybrid vehicle using gas and electricity and encouraged the company to achieve more independent technological breakthroughs.     He said the government's policy of development of western regions had proved successful over the past 10 years.     Governments at all levels should continue the policy and formulate more support measures to improve living standards for people in western regions, Wen said.

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BEIJING, July 4 (Xinhua) -- Former Chinese Vice Premier Zeng Peiyan on Saturday called for the whole world to work together to seek reforms in financial supervision, boost economic restructuring and build a green economy.     The present financial crisis has revealed deep-rooted structural imbalance within the traditional economy and developing pattern, and the world should focus on solving such issues in the post-crisis era, he told Xinhua during an exclusive interview at the Global Think Tank Summit.     The international community should jointly improve the global financial supervision system with generally-accepted regulatory standards to monitor and intervene on possible systematic risks as early as possible, Zeng said.     The international currency system should be reformed into a steady, foreseeable and diversified one, and it is necessary to set supervision on the financial stability of nations of major reserve currencies, he told Xinhua.     It would take a long time to carry out the global economic restructuring and solve the imbalances between consumption and savings, he said, adding that such a move needs efforts from both developed countries and developing ones.     Zeng called on developed countries to help developing countries by improving their external environment for economic development, as developing countries have already become the biggest victims of the present crisis.     Zeng also called for more international cooperation in building a green economy, as developing countries need technical and financial support from developed countries to avoid wasting resources and destroying the environment while seeking economic revival.     The summit, which concluded on Saturday, is organized by the China Center for International Economic Exchanges (CCIEE), a non-governmental research and consulting organization created this March, with Zeng as its director.     The three-day summit had attracted over 900 scholars, experts and business leaders from all over the world, including former President of the European Commission Romano Prodi and former Secretary of State of the United States Henry Kissinger

BEIJING, June 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and U.S. President Barack Obama sent messages respectively to the United States' National Symphony Orchestra (NSO) Thursday, wishing its performance in China a success.     "I am pleased to extend my warm welcome to all the visiting artists from the United States," Hu said in the message. He recalled the NSO's first visit to China in 1999, saying it "left a beautiful impression to the Chinese audience."     Hu hailed the Symphony's second visit to China at the 30th anniversary of the establishment of China-U.S. diplomatic relations. He said music can help to "refine sentiment of humankind and promote communication between people's hearts of different countries."     "I believe that music from across the Pacific Ocean will enhance the mutual understanding between our two peoples and certainly write a new chapter in the long run of friendship between us," Hu said.     He also wished the performances of the NSO a great success.     In his message, Obama extended a heartfelt welcome to all those attending this performance of the NSO as it tours the People's Republic of China for the second time.     "Music has been called a universal language, " said Obama. "It has the potential to build inter-cultural bridges, forge new relationships among peoples and nations, strengthen our understanding of history and tradition, and enrich our lives and our communities."     "I believe that rich cultural and artistic exchanges like this one will help bring our peoples and our nations closer together," Obama stressed.     The NSO, founded in 1931, is an American symphony orchestra that regularly participates in events of national and international importance, including performances for ceremonial state affairs, presidential inaugurations and official holiday celebrations.     The orchestra came to China at the invitation of the Ministry of Culture. It plans to give a series of concerts in Beijing, Xi'an and Shanghai and perform the renowned works of Mendelssohn, Tchaikovsky and Wagner for the Chinese audience.