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XI'AN, June 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese archaeologists started a new excavation of the famous terracotta army site Saturday, hoping to find more clay figures and unravel some of the mysteries left behind by the "First Emperor."     It was the third excavation in the pit -- the first and largest of three pits at the site near Xi'an, capital of northwestern Shaanxi Province -- since 1974 when the terracotta army was discovered by peasants digging a well. Archaeologists work at the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, June 13, 2009. Archeologists began the third large-scale excavation of the Terra-cotta Warriors on June 13, China's fourth Cultural Heritage Day, after a halt of over 20 years.FIRST DAY: "BETTER THAN THOUGHT"     The new dig began at 1 p.m. Saturday, which marks the country's fourth Cultural Heritage Day, and it lasted about five hours on the first day.     "The most important discovery today is two four-horse chariots that are standing in tandem very closely," said Cao Wei, deputy curator of the Qinshihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum.     "It is the first time for us to find such an existence in the excavation history," Cao said. Photo taken on June 13, 2009 shows the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province.In addition, another important discovery was that a few newly-unearthed terracotta warriors were richly colored. Archaeologists soon used plastic sheets to cover them for protection.     Richly colored clay figures were unearthed from the mausoleum of Qinshihuang in the Qin Dynasty (221 B.C.- 207 B.C.), the first emperor of a united China, in previous excavations, but once they were exposed to the air they began to lose their luster and turn an oxidized grey.     "From what we have excavated today, the preservation of the cultural relics is better than thought," said Xu Weihong, head of the excavation team. Photo taken on June 13, 2009 shows the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province. "Take for instance, the discovery of the richly colored terracotta warriors gave us great confidence. I believe the future excavation will go smoothly," Xu said.     The 230 by 62-meter pit was believed to contain about 6,000 life-sized terracotta figures, more than 1,000 of which were found in previous excavations, said Wu Yongqi, museum curator.     The State Administration of Cultural Heritage has approved the museum's dig of 200 square meters of the site this year, Wu said. Archaeologists work at the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, June 13, 2009.Also Saturday, deputy curator Cao told reporters that the state ministration has approved a five-year excavation plan submitted by the museum.     "We plan to dig about 2,000 square meters in the coming five years," Cao said.     NEW DISCOVERIES EXPECTED     Archaeologists hoped they might find a clay figure that appeared to be "in command" of the huge underground army, said Liu Zhancheng, head of the archeological team under the terracotta museum.     "We're hoping to find a clay figure that represented a high-ranking army officer, for example," he told Xinhua earlier.     Liu and his colleagues are also hoping to ascertain the success of decades of preservation efforts to keep the undiscovered terracotta figures intact and retain their original colors.     Most experts believe the pit houses a rectangular army of archers, infantrymen and charioteers that the emperor hoped would help him rule in the afterlife.     But Liu Jiusheng, a Chinese historian in Xi'an, claims it was an army of servants and bodyguards rather than warriors. His argument is still not widely accepted by other terracotta experts.     The army is still known to most Chinese people as the "terracotta warriors and horses."     The army was one of the greatest archeological finds of modern times. It was discovered in Lintong county, 35 km east of Xi'an, in 1974 by peasants who were digging a well.     The first formal excavation of the site lasted for six years from 1978 to 1984 and produced 1,087 clay figures. A second excavation, in 1985, lasted a year and was cut short for technical reasons.     The discovery, listed as a world heritage site by UNESCO in December 1987, has turned Xi'an into one of China's major tourist attractions.

CHENGDU, Sichuan, May 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Monday expressed his appreciation of the world community for their strong support and valuable aid on the wake of last year's devastating earthquake in southwest China and called for further international cooperation in tackling major natural disasters.     "In face of grave natural disasters, the international community could support each other, enhance cooperation, join hands and jointly tackle the difficulties," Hu told some senior foreign diplomats who were invited to the capital of Sichuan Province on the anniversary of the quake. Chinese President Hu Jintao (C front) meets with envoys and delegates of some countries and international organizations, who come to attend the activities marking the anniversary of last year's devastating earthquake in the southwestern Sichuan Province, in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province, May 11, 2009. The magnitude-8.0 quake that hit southwest China, including many parts of Sichuan, on May 12, killed more than 69,000 people, left nearly 18,000 missing, more than 374,000 injured and millions homeless.     Facing the grave disaster, Chinese armed forces and Chinese people worked as one and struggled in unity in rescue work and disaster relief, Hu told those diplomats during the half-hour meeting.     The international community extended their helping hands as governments, groups and individuals from more than 160 countries and some international organizations offered a large number of fund and material assistance via different channels.     Some countries, such as Russia and Japan, sent rescue teams and doctors to help the Chinese people in the quake-hit areas.     Foreign rescuers, in total, offered medical care to more than 10, 000 injured people, found 52 bodies of the victims and took out one survivor from the debris, Chinese official statistics show.     "The assistance from the international community strongly supported China's disaster relief and reconstruction efforts, showcased grand humanitarianism and sincere friendship with the Chinese people," Hu said.     Hu briefed China's reconstruction work to the diplomats, saying it has been carried out in a strong, orderly and effective manner and recorded staged success.     "After one year of hard working, the quake-hit areas witnessed the resumption of and development in their social and economic construction," Hu noted.     The production and living conditions in those areas were improving and the people were working hard to build better lives and new homes, said the head of state.     Hu thanked the international community for their support and aid, saying the money and materials have been used in various fields such as rebuilding of homes, roads, schools, hospitals and other important infrastructure.     China has carried out "vigorous overseeing" and "effectively used" the donation from the international community, Hu told the 30 diplomats, including those from the United States, Russia, Japan, Pakistan and representatives from the UN International Children 's Emergency Fund and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.     "We will strive to use the international donation in the places most in need," he said, labeling the cooperation between China and the world as "a good example of international cooperation in disaster relief."     "Chinese government and people will step up exchange and cooperation with the world community, jointly tackle various global challenges and push for a harmonious world featuring long-lasting peace and common prosperity," Hu said.     "We came here to show respect to the patriotism and wisdom of the Chinese people," said Nolana Ta Ama, ambassador of the Republic of Togo and dean of the diplomatic corp to China.     The diplomats were also here to show respect to the mechanism Chinese government established in tackling the quake, he said. "China's efforts and success in fighting against the quake and disaster relief were a contribution to the world."     Ama spoke highly of China's "enormous efforts in saving lives and helping the survivors to resume their lives," pledging that the world community will continue support and help the affected regions.     The diplomats will visit some quake-hit spots near Chengdu on Tuesday.

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BEIJING, June 2 (Xinhua) -- China's national college entrance exam saw a decrease in candidates for the first time in the past seven years, said the Ministry of Education Tuesday.     About 10.2 million people registered to attend the upcoming exam, down 3.8 percent year on year, according to the ministry.     In contrast, candidates for the exam saw a continuous increase from 2002 to 2008, jumping from 5.27 million in 2002 to 10.5 million in 2008.     This year's examinees would have more opportunities to enter colleges as they would compete for 6.29 million seats in China's universities and colleges, up four percent from last year, the ministry's figure showed.     About half of the country's provinces and regions earlier reported a decrease in candidate number. Some media reports came to the conclusion that greater employment pressure caused by the international economic downturn led to the drop.     "I don't agree with this view," said Jiang Gang, deputy director of the ministry's college students office.     "The drop of candidate number is mainly due to the decline of senior high school graduates," he said.     Jiang, however, admitted the financial crisis did inflict great pressure the country's job market.     In China, most of the candidates for higher education are students finishing three-year study in senior high schools.     Figures from the National Bureau of Statistics showed the number of senior high school graduates decreased from 8.49 million last year to 8.34 million this year. It is estimated to be 8.03 million in 2010.     College graduates are having a hard time finding jobs this year as posts are being axed due to the economic slowdown.     China has 6.11 million college students due to graduate this year, and one million from last year are still looking for jobs, according to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.     Known as "gao kao" in Chinese, the national college entrance exam, which falls on June 7 to 9 each year, is the largest examination in the world. The exam can change the candidates' lives in a fiercely competitive society.

YEKATERINBURG, Russia, June 15 (Xinhua) -- President Hu Jintao on Monday expressed China's readiness to work with Uzbekistan to push forward their relations of friendship, cooperation and partnership.     At a meeting with Uzbek President Islam Karimov here, the Chinese president said relations between China and Uzbekistan have witnessed healthy and stable growth since the two countries established friendly and partnership relations in 2005.     The two countries have maintained frequent high-level exchanges, deepened their political mutual trust and expanded cooperation in such fields as trade, economy, energy, security and culture, he said. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with Uzbekistan's President Islam Karimov in Yekaterinburg, Russia, June 15, 2009.    They have supported each other on major issues of respective concerns, conducted robust cooperation in the United Nations, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and other multilateral organizations, and contributed to promoting peace and stability in the region and the world at large, Hu said.     He said China highly values its relations with Uzbekistan and stands ready to implement the existing agreements and consensus between the two countries so as to strengthen their relations of friendship, cooperation and partnership.     Hu proposed that the two countries give full play to the intergovernmental economic and trade cooperation committee, boost cooperation in trade, economy, transport, energy, telecommunications, light industry and agriculture, and maintain the momentum for the growth of two-way trade to promote social and economic development of both countries.     Hu said the global financial crisis is still spreading, posing grave difficulties and challenges for China's economic development.     In order to tackle the crisis and maintain steady and relatively fast growth of the economy, China has timely adjusted its macroeconomic policies and adopted a package of measures to further expand domestic demand and boost economic growth, Hu said.     These measures are being implemented and have started to take effect, he said.     China is confident of overcoming the difficulties, achieving the steady and relatively rapid growth of its economy and contributing to the recovery and healthy, stable development of the global economy, Hu said.     China stands ready to strengthen exchanges and cooperation with Uzbekistan in the financial sector, jointly guard against global financial risks and promote the healthy and stable economic and financial development of both countries, he said.     Karimov, for his part, said Uzbekistan appreciates its relationship with China, which features friendship, mutual trust and cooperation.     Uzbekistan appreciates China's continued supply of aid over a long period of time, especially the sincere help and support provided by China at times of hardship for Uzbekistan, he said.     Amid the current global financial crisis, Uzbekistan is ready to strengthen cooperation with China in such sectors as the economy, trade, energy and natural resources to jointly tackle the financial crisis.     Uzbekistan is willing to strengthen cooperation with China within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and enhance coordination in international affairs, Karimov said.     Uzbekistan firmly supports China on the issue of Taiwan and issues related to Tibet, he said.     The Chinese president arrived in Russia's Ural mountain city of Yekaterinburg on Sunday for the annual SCO summit, which will discuss how to tackle the international financial crisis and expand cooperation in the political, economic and security fields, and in other areas, among member states.     Founded in 2001, the SCO consists of China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Mongolia, India, Pakistan and Iran are observers of the organization.  Chinese President Hu Jintao (2nd R) meets with Uzbekistan's President Islam Karimov (2nd L) in Yekaterinburg, Russia, June 15, 2009.

BEIJING, May 1 (Xinhua) -- New rules to punish "statistical fouls" took effect Friday in China.     The rules, the country's first of their kind, were jointly published by the Ministry of Supervision, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).     The rules impose penalties for publication of fraudulent statistics or unauthorized dissemination of statistical data.     Penalties including dismissal, demotion or unspecified "criminal punishment" face those who unlawfully alter statistics or ask others to do so and those who take revenge on people who refuse to fabricate data or blow the whistle on illegal acts.     People who leak data concerning state secrets, personal information or business secrets, or who delay the reporting of statistics, would face similar penalties.     The new rules require government offices to carefully maintain and deliver files of criminal cases and quickly release investigation results.     Analysts said statistics are not just key data for the government, they are also vital in making decisions about social and economic affairs.     Statistics "concern public credibility of both statistical authorities and the government," said Fan Jianping, chief economist with the State Information Center.     As the world's fastest expanding economy, China has faced questions about the accuracy of its national economic data. The most recent figure drawing global attention was the decade-low, 6.1 percent year-on-year economic growth rate in the first quarter, which was released April 16.     Since the country's opening-up, the quality of statistics has improved. An article on the Wall Street Journal China's website said China's economic statistics were actually very impressive, "with relatively timely, accurate, and comprehensive data published on a range of key indicators".     But it also pointed out that there is a political economy of numbers with an incentive at both the local and national levels to massage the statistics. Many China watchers have noted the incentives for local officials to over-report growth to please their political masters.     Officials who participated in drafting the new rules admitted that incorrect or falsified statistics have been released at times.     Statistical corruption has been found in China for years to exaggerate local economic growth, which is often related to officials' promotion.     In April, southeastern Fujian Province said that it handled 754cases concerning forged statistics last year and imposed fines up to about 1.38 million yuan (203,000 U.S. dollars).     "As the country strives to cushion the impact of the global slowdown and maintain steady economic growth, they should use the rules as a deterrent to statistical fouls," said Wang Tongsan, an economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a government think tank.     Wang also suggested the government should reform the evaluation system for officials and increase training for statistical staff.     China's top statistics official, Ma Jiantang, has vowed to improve the quality and credibility of government statistics after foreign media voiced concerns about the authenticity of Chinese economic data.     "To keep (official statistics) true and credible is not only our duty, it also relates to our need to accept public supervision," Ma said in a statement on the NBS website.

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BEIJING, July 14 (Xinhua) -- China's armed forces are raising the qualification and training levels of non-commissioned officers (NCOs) to build a professional corps with the ability to operate increasingly sophisticated weapon systems.     A reform plan unveiled by the Central Military Commission (CMC), China's top military authority, outlines the reforms which will affect the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and People's Armed Police Force (PAPF) by the end of this year.     The number of non-commissioned officers (NCO) in the PLA and PAPF would rise to almost 900,000 while the total number of personnel would remain unchanged, Yang Yangshen, an officer with the PLA's Headquarters of the General Staff, told Xinhua on Tuesday.     He said the rise would be small, but would not give the current number of NCOs.     New NCO posts would be offered to increase the strength of increasingly technology-intensive forces.     The NCOs would be given more responsibility for equipment that needed better proficiency and information skills in addition to assisting commissioned officers with basic training.     According to the plan, the PLA and PAPF would recruit more graduates with three-year college diplomas, who could better understand the operation of modern military weapons systems, rather than promote enlisted personnel.     The PLA and PAPF enlisted personnel are mainly high school graduates who finished 12 years of education.     The modernization of the PLA's weapon systems called for better qualified non-commissioned officers, said Yang.     Currently, the NCOs of the PLA and PAPF are ranked in six categories, starting from the lowest NCO level 1 up to NCO level 6.     According to the plan, the new ranks, from lowest to highest, will be corporal, sergeant, sergeant first class, master sergeant class four, master sergeant class three, master sergeant class two and master sergeant class one.     The reform also introduces a training system by which the new NCOs need to acquire technical qualifications, such as weapons repair and equipment maintenance.     All NCOs who want to be promoted will need to pass upgraded training courses and exams, according to the reform plan.     The plan mandates that the maximum service time for junior grade NCOs (corporal, sergeant) is six years and intermediate grade (sergeant first class, master sergeant class four) is eight years. The senior grade NCOs (master sergeant class three, master sergeant class two, master sergeant class one) could serve for more than 14 years.     It would also increase the basic salaries for intermediate grade NCOs and subsidies for all NCOs.     The PLA and PAPF introduced volunteer recruitment in 1978, which was the original model of the NCO system established in 1998when the revised conscription law reduced the compulsory service period of the enlisted soldiers from three to two years.

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BEIJING, May 8 (Xinhua) -- China's top economic planner Friday announced details of the country's new oil pricing mechanism, for the first time after the new pricing system kicked in at the beginning of this year.     In a statement on its website, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) said China would adjust domestic fuel prices when global crude prices reported a daily fluctuation band of more than 4 percent for 22 working days in a row.     The commission said refiners would enjoy "normal" profit when global crude prices are below 80 U.S. dollars per barrel, but would face narrower profit margins when the crude prices rise above 80 U.S. dollars per barrel.     However, fuel prices would not go further up, or only be raised by a small margin, when crude prices rise above 130 U.S. dollars per barrel, and fiscal and tax tools would be used to ensure supplies, the NDRC said.     Light, sweet crude for June delivery rose 37 cents a barrel to settle at 56.71 U.S. dollars on the New York Mercantile Exchange Thursday after reaching a six-month high of 58.57 dollars.     Crude prices staged strong rally on news of upbeat economic data in the United States, rising more than 10 percent in two weeks.     The NDRC statement also came a day after it denied an online report claiming imminent price hike.     C1 Energy, an energy information website, Thursday reported that the Chinese government would raise fuel prices as of midnight Thursday, but said later the price adjustment had been canceled, with reasons unknown.     Xu Kunlin, deputy head of NDRC's pricing department, said the new oil pricing mechanism is not to be followed "word by word" without any flexibility, when asked whether the commission would soon adjust fuel prices at a press conference held in Beijing.     "There has been pressure to raise domestic fuel prices as crude prices continued to rise," Xu said, "however, the final decision will depend on developments in crude prices in coming days."     Friday's statement did not say how the global crude prices would be measured.     Xu declined to reveal details on the basket of crude prices for evaluating international price changes, and said such details would remain a secret in a bid to prevent speculation.     The NDRC said in the statement that the government would continue to control fuel prices at the current stage, because of insufficient market competition and imperfect market mechanisms.     However, fuel prices would eventually be determined by market forces only in the long run under the new pricing mechanism, which is aimed to bring in more market forces, said the NDRC.     China's fuel prices, with taxes included, are at a relatively lower level among major oil importers, said the NDRC.     Domestic fuel prices are lower than in Japan, the Republic of Korea, India, Mongolia, and many European countries, but higher than in oil exporters in the Middle East and than some cities in the United States, according to surveys by the NDRC.     China's retail fuel prices vary in different regions. Currently, gasoline 93, the most commonly used type of gas, sells for 5.56 yuan (81.8 U.S. cents) per liter in Beijing.

ZAGREB, June 19 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived in the Croatian capital of Zagreb Friday for a state visit to strengthen the comprehensive cooperative partnership between the two nations.     This is the first visit to Croatia by a Chinese head of state since the two countries established diplomatic ties 17 years ago.     In Zagreb, President Hu is expected to meet Croatian leaders to discuss how to enhance bilateral cooperation and exchange views on major regional and global issues of common concern.     The two countries are expected to sign a host of cooperation deals involving various sectors during the visit.     "I believe that President Hu's visit to Croatia will have great impact on consolidating traditional friendship between China and Croatia and deepening all-round and mutually beneficial cooperation between the two countries," said Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Li Hui last week. Chinese President Hu Jintao (2nd R, front) is welcomed upon his arrival while Croatian President Stjepan Mesic (1st R, front) looks on at Zagreb, capital of Croatia, June 19, 2009. Hu arrived in Zagreb Friday for a state visit to strengthen the comprehensive cooperative partnership between the two nationsThe China-Croatia ties have developed steadily since the two countries established diplomatic relations 17 year ago. Their bilateral relations have entered a new era since the two countries forged a comprehensive cooperative partnership in 2005.     In recent years, China and Croatia have had more high-level exchanges, strengthened their political mutual trust, expanded their fruitful cooperation to all fields, and maintained close cooperation and mutual support on issues concerning each other's basic interests.     Croatia is the last leg of President Hu's three-nation tour, which has already taken him to Russia and Slovakia.     Hu had earlier attended a summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and a summit of BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) in Yekaterinburg, Russia.